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Describe EuroNCAP

  • Is no legal requirement
  • EuroNCAP evaluations are stricter than legal requirements (EU&UNECE)
  • EuroNCAP and legal requirements differ from each other
  • EuroNCAP has a big influence in public
  • EuroNCAP was developed under the auspices of consumer organizations
  • EuroNCAP results are published regularly

Describe the three different test procedures required in UN-R12

  • Crash test (without dummies, limiting sterring wheel displacement)
  • Body Block (simlationg unbelted driver hitting sterring wheel during frontal impact)
  • Head Impact (simulating beldetd driver hitting sterring wheel during fornatl impact)

UN-R12 content was taken from which sources?

It was derived from FMVSS 203 & 204 developed in USA in the 1960s 

Describe Body Block test

  • Upper body torso (body block) weighs 36kg
  • Is shot horizontally against the sterring wheel at 24.1km/h
  • Type of drive of the body block is not specified
  • Could be tested with / without airbag

When did UN-R94 resp. the comparable directive 96/79/EC Front Offset Deformable Barrier Test come into force?

Oct 1, 1998

UN-R94 Front Offset Deformable Barrier Test simulates what kind of real world accident?

Simulates a head-on collision between two cars on a narrow country road.

Vehicles overlap each other with 40% of the vehicle width. Meet on the driver's side.

Which dummy type is required accodring to UN-R94?

Hybrid III 50 percentile male

Explain propulsion of crash vehicle

Endless rope underground combined with stationary propulsion system (hydromotor most often used)

Engine of test vehicle is not running during crash. Fuel tank filled with water up to 90%

Describe crash test according to UN-R137

A full overlap crash test aims to achieve a high deceleration pulse.

In such a crash, high decelerations are exerted on the passengers. This allows the quality of the vehicle's restraint devices (belt anchorage points, belts, etc.) to be checked to ensure that they provide satifactory protection ("strength and compliance")

Compare crash test according to UN-R137 and UN-R94

  • R94: A partial overlap crash test aims to load one side of the vehicle to test the stability of the passenger compartment

 

  • R137: allows the quality of the vehicle's restraint devices to be checked to ensure that they provide satisfactory protection ("strength and compliance")

Describe side crash test according to UN-R95

Test vehicle stands still

Speed of sled 50 km/h

Mobile deformable barrier (MDB)

Total moass of sled 950 kg ±-20kg

Ground clearance of the collision zone before impact: 300 mm ± 5 mm

Describe side crash test (pole impact) according to UN-R135

Pole rigid Ø 254mm

Vehicle on sled (low profile flying floor)

 

Dummy Worldsid 50th

Impact regularly on driver's side 

Speed 32 ± 1 kmh

In crash test (pole impact) according to UN-R135 dummy values have to be measured and assessed. Which further requirements have to be taken into account?

  • Tightness of fuel tank system (depending on fuel type)
    • Petrol, Diesel (142g with first 5 minutes after impact, max. 28g per minute after that)
    •  Helium (volume concentration in interior max. 3%)
    • Hydrogen (volume concentration in interior max. 4%, at least one connection link to vehicle intact)

Describe rear crash according to UN-R32

Speed of sled: 35-38 kmh

Mass of sled: 1100 kg

Mobile Barrier

Impact body made of steel, 2500 mm wide, 800 mm high

Impact body covered with plywood

Test vehicle is standing still

Compare roughly UNECE crash tests with EuroNCAP

EuroNCAP: with rear passengers, sometimes faster impact speeds, sometimes higher impact masses, additional tests with Mobile Progressive Deformable Barrier

Name the framework regulation describing L-category requirements.

List the delegated acts / subjects.

List the implementing act / subject 

Reg (EU) No 168/2013

 

Three delegated acts:

Safety

Construction

Environment

 

Implementing act: Administration

Explain the abbreviation REPPR

Regulation on Environmental and Propulsion Performance Requirements

There exist several annexes linked to REPPR dealing with exhaust emission. List at least three of them

  1. Tailpipe emissions after cold start (Type 1)
  2. Tailpipe emissions at (increased) idle and free acceleration (Type 2)
  3. Emissions of crankcase gases (Type 3)
  4. Evaporative emissions (Type 4)
  5. Durability of pollution-control devices (Type 5)
  6. CO2 emissions, consumption and electric range (Type 7)

Explain the abbreviation RVCR

Regulation Vehicle Construction Requirements

There exist several annexes linked to RVCR dealing with construction. List at least three of them.

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Describe the two major tests related to EMC

Emissions

Immunity

Describe the external projections test procedure.

The testing device shall be moved from the front towards the rear of the vehicle, in a smooth motion, on both sides of it.

Describe external projections test procedure where the rider/driver/luggage is partially or fully enclosed

Vehicle shall meet all the relevant requirements of UNECE regulation No26 as prescribed for vehicle category M1

What about the strength of a hand-grip bar or strap? 
(L- category vehicles)

The hand-grip bar and strap shall be able to withstand a vertical traction force of 2000 N applied statically

Describe the registration plate space for L-category vehicles

For vehicles of cat. L3e, L4e, L5e & L7e

width: 280 mm

height: 200 mm

Wich type of stand is required for regular motorcycle?

Prop stand and centre stand

Explain the abbreviation RVFSR

Regulation on Vehicle Functional Safety Requirements

A lot of annexes are linked to RVFSR. List at least three of the (without annex number)

  • audible warning devices
  • braking, including ABS & combined systems
  • electrical safety
  • endurance testing
  • front and rear protective structures
  • glazing, windscreen wipers, washers, defrosting, demisting
  • driver-operated controls, tell-tales, indicators
  • lighting, signaling devices, automatic switch
  • rearward visibility
  • Roll-Over Protective Structure
  • safety belt anchorages and safety belts
  • seating positions
  • steer-ability, cornering properties, turn-ability
  • installation of tyres
  • max. speed limitation plate & location on vehicle
  • occupant protection, interior fittings, vehicle doors
  • max. cont. rated / net power, max. vehicle speed limit by design
  • vehicle structure integrity