33 cardsAll flashcards in this set (33)
What are in all bacteria?
- cell membrane
- Chromosome
- Cytoplasm
- Ribosomes
- What are in SOME bacteria?
Microcompartments
Flagellum
Plasmid
Capsule
Pilus
Actin Cytoskeleton
Cell wall
Outer membrane (LPS membrane)
Fimbriae
S layer
Inclusion/Granule
Flagellum
Plasmid
Capsule
Pilus
Actin Cytoskeleton
Cell wall
Outer membrane (LPS membrane)
Fimbriae
S layer
Inclusion/Granule
What are 3 Bacterial shapes?
- coccus
- Rod
- Curved
- What are 2 bacterias that have a coccus shape?
• Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
What are 3 bacterias that have a ROD shape?
- Legionella pneumophila
- Streptobacillus
- Streptomyces
What is Flagella used for?
Used for swimming
Monotrichous Flagella is?
- one flagella
Atrichous Means?
No flagella
Lophotrichous means?
- many flagellas on one side
Amphitrichous mean?
One and one flagella on both sides
Peritrichous means?
- many flagellas all around
Amphilophotrichous means?
Many flagellas on both sides
What is the structure of the flagella?
- basal body
- Hook
- Filament
- What is a periplasmic flagella AKA axial filaments?
internal flagella enclosed between the cell wall and the cell membrane
Called "spirochetes (corkscrew-shaped)"
Fimbriae
Attach to each other or to surfaces
Pili
Connect two cells in conjugation (transfer DNA)
S layer is?
Protein linked together as chain link fence
Glycocalyx is?
Sugar coat responsible for biofilm
Slime layer
Capsule?
- promotes infection
- Cell envelope structure for Gram-positive bacteria
thick cell wall
plasma membrane
- Cell envelope structure for Gram-negative bacteria
outer membrane (LPS)
thin cell wall
Plasma membrane
thin cell wall
Plasma membrane
Cell walls are made of what?
- peptidoglycan to protect from osmosis and lysis
- 2 Exceptions that lack cell wall
Mycobacterium & Nocardia -Mycolic Acid in cell wall -use Acid Fast stain -M.tuberculosis -M. Leprae
Mycoplasma - no cell wall -sterols in cell membrane for protection -M. Pneumoniae
Process of gram stain?
Fixation > crystal violet > Iodine treatment > Decolorization > Counter stain safranin
- Pink: gram-negative
- Purple: gram- positive
Define Nucleoid?
not surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
Define plasmid
- • Plasmids can frequently be transmitted from on bacterium to another.
- Ribosomes
sites of protein synthesis inclusion bodies
Gas vesicles
- provide buoyancy
Granules
Inorganic crystals
Cytoskeleton
- Determines cell shape in rods and spiral
- Endoscopes that are extremely resistant to heat and chemical
Genus bacillus
Aerobic to facultative anaerobic
Genus Clostridium Anaerobic
Genus Clostridium Anaerobic
Differences in Cell wall between Archaea and Bacteria?
- Archaea: polysaccharides & protein
- Bacteria: peptidoglycan
- What extreme environment are Archaea found in?
High/Low temperature
High salt content
Acidic- difficult to culture
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