CL1-Karteikarten

new or improved product that differs significantly from units previous product

an innovation requires an exploitation of invention

customer needs (market-pull, solution)
&
technological discoveries (technology-push, application)

resistance

states that innovation is not external, but the driving internal force, and not the equilibrium

better products & services

It is the winner of the fluid regime, it creates the highest value for the clients, and it defines the standard

disruptive innovations for new players & change of performance dimension

finding new goals and paths & out-of-the-box-thinking

Problem definition --> Idea generation --> Idea evaluation --> Execution

One should do the right things and also do things right

Discover --> Define --> Develop --> Deliver

Brainstorming, Brainwriting, Morphological analysis, Synectics, Bionics, SCAMPER

Fluid, Transitional & specific regime

Neuroticism, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Openness

Heuristics (shortcuts) & biases

using prior knowledge, experience beliefs, etc

taking sensory information from the environment (e.g. what you hear, see, feel, taste, smell)

Producers should innovate, and not customers
--> wrong 
e.g., the majority of sports was created by users

Botox, surgery, etc --> 40% of users innovate

customers of company (B2C)

not yet customers of the company

Companies (B2B)
 
users in "analogous" markets

User innovators without commercial objectives only rarely undertake substantial efforts to actively diffuse their innovation

Increase awareness of importance of user innovation
 
simplify access to resources
 
promote cooperation between producers & users
 
more user entrepreneurs

not yet commercialized user innovations, change, economic disparities, information asymetries

exploit the opportunities

Start of lead user project --> Identification of needs & trends --> Identification of lead users & their ideas --> Development of solution concepts (workshop)

filtering out lead users from a sample of users

sequentially working through the network (usually via personal interviews)

it indicates that any two people in the world are linked through only a few steps
--> also know as the "six degrees of separation"

often provide better search areas than the usual target markets

the company's innovations become more incremental and less frequent, and there is a strong technology orientation

They empower users to become product designers

"if a large crowd of people participates in problem solving, some will have the necessary skills to solve it easily"

crowdslapping

a set of established methods that focus on learning and user experience

Emphathize --> Define --> Ideate --> Prototype-test --> result

means focusing on the resources that are available to discover and capture new business opportunities

Contrast: Causation

IT-advancements such as Machine Learning can be used to identify innivations semi-automatically in a big data pool

The definition of an organization's long-term goals and a plan on how to achieve them

unclear + quickly changing

fast and iterative testing; shorten product development sequences

Accept that you only have the 3 hypotheses speed, flexibility & learning

bias where people with low cognitive ability or skill tend to overestimate their abilities

Increased effort for old technology --> result: old technology gets beaten by new one anyway, it just delays it

the knowledge from as many experts as possible is gathered in an iterative process

It describes alternative futures (doesnt accurately predict the future)
--> but understands logical paths & developes more comprehensive strategies

Which product attributes generate customer satisfaction?

Identidfication of attributes "that make a difference"

a method for better understanding of customer preferences

a qualitative method that helps analyzing the customer's cognitive & affective structure with regard to a (new) product

"to get the best of 2 worlds"
--> mass production & individualization

subjective evaluations that a behavior, object, person etc. is somehow good or bad

attach a word to a subject

Other reasons for observed outcomes than the correctness of the hypothesis

primarily an exploratory reasearch

the research problem has to fit the specific expertise of the expert

the data from a specific point in time

the data from several points in time

Am I measuring the right things?

Am I measuring correctly?

representativness & sample size

describe one variable

Describe relationship between two variables

describe relationship between at least three variables simultaneously

Total Addressable Market --> long-term potential

Serviceable Available Market --> mid-term potential

Serviceable Obtainable Market --> short term potential

Being a pioneer is no guarantee for success
--> the innovator's strategy matters a lot

factors that make it difficult for potential new entrant to invade the focal market

(As soon as investment has been made)

• A might complain that product doesn't fully meet expectations
• A demands price reduction & threatens to end business relation
• B can hardly defend - investment is made
• Problematic implication --> if B anticipates the hold-up problem, it will not invest

• situation involves "zero-sum games"
• goals, strategies, etc are incompatible
• one-sided dominance & dependencies exist
• multilaterall cooperation is necessary
  

 

passing on information without contract

Always more sense to not cooperate with the other prisoner

maximization of individual benefits results in the collectively worst outcome

always chose the action that the other has chosen in the previous round in a cooperation
--> e.g. reward cooperation w/ cooperation, aggressiveness with aggressiveness

for the indivual, exploitation brings a higher individual utility because gains are private and losses are shared

number of users of a good influences value for each user

more users mean more complementary goods

diffusion of network effects is strongly influenced by expectations

refers to demand for a good because many others have it

land in a smartly defined niche, build stronghold, expand & conquer

consider entire product from the customer perspective
e.g. Apple focuses on system integration

principal needs agent for realization; agent wants contact w/ principal