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Devolution
The statutory granting of powers from the central government of a sovereign state to government at a subnational level, such as regional, local or state level.
It's a form of decentralization and asymmetrical.
It's a form of decentralization and asymmetrical.
Unicameral
Consisting of a single chamber, as a legislative assembly
Deutsch: Einkammersystem
Deutsch: Einkammersystem
Whether MPs from Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, sitting in the HOC of the UK, should be able to vote on matters that affect only England, while MPs from England are unable to vote on matters that have been devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly.
--> "English votes for English laws"
--> "English votes for English laws"
West Lothian Question
Referendum on Scottish independence in 2021
Indyref2
Constitution is not recorded in written form and cannot be read
- legally enforceable
- legally enforceable
Unwritten constitution
Compiled into an orderly, formal code
Deutsch: kodifiziert
Deutsch: kodifiziert
codified
Conservative Party
Labour Party
Scottish National Party
Liberal Democrats
Labour Party
Scottish National Party
Liberal Democrats
Main political parties
To put or keep in force
German: durchsetzbar
German: durchsetzbar
Enforceable
- Acts of parliament
- Highest law in the UK
Statues
To incorporate ECHR rights into UK law
--> British people can argue for their rights in British courts
--> British people can argue for their rights in British courts
Human Rights Act 1998
Treaty, that effected the union of England and Scotland under the name of Great Britain
Act of Union 1707
A landmark act in the constitutional law of England that sets out certain basic civil rights and clarifies who would be next to inherit the crown
Bill of Rights 1689
Act of the Parliament of the UK which made legal provision for the accession of the UK to the three European Communities
European Communities Act 1972
a clause in a legal instrument, a law, etc., providing for a particular matter
Deutsch: Bestimmung, Regelung
Deutsch: Bestimmung, Regelung
Provision
Laws (statues) that have received the approval of Parliament --> HOC and HOL
Acts of Parliament:
Repeal
To revoke or withdraw formally or officially
to amend
To make minor changes to a text, piece of legislation
simple majority
The majority of more than 50% of the members present and voting in the House
entrenched
Firmly or solidly established
Placed in a position of strength
Placed in a position of strength
parliamentary sovereignty
- the right to make or unmake any law whatever
- Parliament is supreme in its law making role
the rule of law
The principle that all people and institutions are subject to and accountable to law that is fairly applied and enforced
separation of powers
The division of a states government into branches, each with separate independent powers and responsibilities, so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with those of the other branches
--> legislative, executive and judicial
--> legislative, executive and judicial
Common law
- judgements of the higher courts form precedents or case law that binds lower courts and judges
- exists in England, Wales etc. and many other parts of the Commonwealth
precedents
A legal decision or form of proceeding serving as an authorities rule or pattern in future similar or analogous cases
Royal Prerogatives
Rights retained by the crown but often exercised by the government
Constitutional Conventions
Rules which are followed but not written down or legally enforceable
Bill of Rights
the bill outlined specific constitutional and civil rights and ultimately gave Parliament power over the monarchy
e.g. freedom of speech, etc.
e.g. freedom of speech, etc.
subject to
To bring under domination, control
crown servant
A person employed by the crown
--> police, judicial officials, etc.
--> police, judicial officials, etc.
Acquiesce
To consent, agree
constituencies
The voters or residents in a district represented by an elective officer
Deutsch: Wahlkreise
Deutsch: Wahlkreise
tacit
Understood without being openly expressed; implied
Adhere
To stay attached
expediency
Advisability; a regard for what is politic or advantageous
to abstain
To hold oneself back voluntarily
Dissolution
The act or process of resolving or dissolving into parts or elements
To prorogue
To discontinue a session of (the British Parliament or a similiar body)
Court of Appeal
- the highest court within the senior courts of England and Wales
- Deals only with appeals from other courts or tribunals
Governments Communications Headquarters GCHQ
A British intelligence agency that provides signals intelligence to the British government and armed forces
Judicial review
A process under which executive, legislative and administrative actions are subject to review by the judiciary
hung parliament
No single political party wins a majority in the HOC at a general election