Elastic demand
elasticity is greater than 1
Inelastic demand
elasticity is less than 1
Perfectly elastic demand
demand in which quantity drops to zero at the slightest increase in price
Unit elastic demand
elasticity of 1
Perfectly inelastic demand
same quantity no matter the price
cross elasticity of demand
when changes in the price of one product affect the demand for another item
income elasticity of demand
a measure of how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in consumers' income
normal good
a good that consumers demand more of when their incomes increase
inferior good
a good that consumers demand less of when their incomes increase
Budget set
A budget set is the set of all
possible bundles of goods and
services that can be purchased with
a consumer’s income.
Consumer surplus
Consumer surplus is the difference
between the willingness to pay and
the price paid for the good.
Elasticity
Elasticity is the measure of
sensitivity of one variable to a
change in another
Price elasticity of demand
The price elasticity of demand
measures the percentage change in
quantity demanded of a good due
to a percentage change in its price.
Arc elasticity
The arc elasticity is a method of
calculating elasticities that measures
at the midpoint of the demand
range.
Opportunity cost
the loss of other alternatives when one alternative is chosen