21 Karten

Information Systems
  • IS consist of integration of people, task and IT
  • IS provide people with data based representation of historical, present and future conditions of reality as well as their linkage
Application Systems
Focus on it and task(for people)
  • Main focus is the execution of business tasks with IT
  • People use application systems to complete their tasks
  • People change application systems while introduction and use of the system
Application Systems consists of hardware and software in an organisation
  • information system are socio-technical systems used to process information
  • they are embedded in organisational, personnel and technical structures of a company
Knowledge work
Task in companies require specific application systems
Groups of application systems
  • analytical and evaluation systems, reporting systems

-used to create business reports
-addresses management
-support decisions processes
-e.g. business intelligence systems
  • business-administrative Systems

-support (primary) operative processes
-e.g. ERP
  • Communication and Collaboration Systems

-Support unstructured processes
- teamwork
- e.g. groupware systems, document management systemsTypes
Types of Application Systems
ERP
Procurement, Sales, Accounting, Human Ressources, Material Management
PLM
Production, Research, Developments
SCM
SRM
Procurement
CRM
Sales
ERP SystemsProduct
Systems for execution and analysing business Business processes
  • execution and analysis of mass transactions
  • legally required documentation of all relevant business transactions
  • focus on data consistency, reliability, efficiency
  • integration of different functions, tasks and data in one information system
  • As a minimum it uses a shared data repository
  • aims to support all business processes along the company
  • Clerks partly execute business processes e.g. human resource manager is responsible for some of the task in Human Resources
  • Eg. Sap erm, Microsoft dynamics, psi penta
Product Lifecycle Management
  • Provides technical development tools for the creation of technical objects
  • Mainly used by engineers
  • Tracks entirely the building and changing of products

-part lists
-work plans
-Product configurations
  • import of product specifications into an ERP-Systems


E.g. contact CIM database
Knowledge Management systems
  • support processes for capturing and applying knowledge and expertise
  • how to create, produce, and deliver products and services
  • collect internal knowledge and experience within firm and make it available to employees
  • Link to external sources of knowledge
Document and content management systems
  • managing the lifecycle of documents and information
  • Capture: entering content into the system
  • Manage: edit content, search functions, document lifecycle
  • Store: repositories, libraries
  • Preserve: long term archiving, archiving requirements
  • Deliver: form data on right time in right shape and putting information in the right peoples hand.
Collaboration and Groupware Systems
  • computer based systems that support groups of people in a common task (or goal) and that provide an interface to a shared environment
  • Systems for creative problem-solving in teams

-low structured tasks
  • provide functions for communication, cooperation and coordination
  • E.g. HCL Notes, Microsoft Outlook
The time/space collaboration and social tool matrix
Analytic Information Systems
(Management support system)how does the
  • the understanding of terms of the information systems for decision making is not selective
  • overlap of system classes due to historic development - evolution
  • Proposal: enclosure of systems using the identifier "analytic information systems"
How does the decision making process work? 1
  • business value of improved decision making?
Improving hundreds of thousands of "small" decisions adds up to large annual value for the business
  • types of decisions
Unstructured: decision maker must provide judgment, evaluation, and insight to solve problem
Structured: Repetitive and routine: involve definite procedure for handling so they do not have to be treated each time as new
Semi-structured: only part of problem has clear-cut answer provided by accepted procedure
Key decisions making groups he decision mal
    • senior managers make many unstructured decisions
E.g. : decide entrance or exit from markets, approve capital budget, decide long-term goals
  • middle manager make more structured decision but these may include unstructured components
E.g. design a marketing plan develop a departmental budget design a new corporate web site.
  • operational managers and rank and file employees Make more structured decisions
E.g determine overtime eligibility, restock inventory, offer credit to customers, determine special offer to customers
The decision making process
  • intelligence (what is the problem?)
Discovering, identifying and understanding the problems occurring in the organisation
  • design(what are the possible solutions?)
Identifying and exploring solutions to the problem
  • choice (what is the best solution?)
Choosing among solution alternatives
  • implementation (is the solution working? Can we make it work better?)
Making chosen alternative work and continuing to monitor how well solution is working
Example scenarios
For AIS(analytical information system)

  • Analysis of sales data in retail
  • Analysis of customers (analytical CRM)
  • pricing
Systems for different management groups
  • transaction processing systems
-serve operational managers and staff
-perform and record daily routine transaction necessary to contact business e.g. sales order entry, payroll, shipping.
-allow managers to monitor status of operations and relations with external environment
-serve predefined, structured goals and decision making.
-systems for business intelligence - data and software tools for organising and analysing data, used to help managers and users make improved decisions
-management information system
-decision support system
-executive support system
Management Information Systemsdecsion support system
  • serve middle management
  • Provide reports on firms current performance, based on data from TPS
  • Provide answers to routine questions with predefined procedure for answering them
  • Typically have little analytical capability
Decision support system
Executio
  • serve middle management
  • support non-routine decision making
E.g. what is the impact on production schedule if December sales doubled?
  • may use external information as well TPS/MIS data
  • model driven DSS
- voyage-estimating systems
  • data driven DSS
-intrawests marketing analysis systems
Executive support systemEnterprise
  • support senior management
  • A dress no routine decisions
Requiring judgement, evaluation and insight
  • incorporate data about external events (e.g. new tax laws or competitors) as well as summarised information from internal MIS and DSS
  • Example: Digital dashboard with real-time view of firms financial performance
Jetzt lernen

Es ist ein Update verfügbar

Bitte lade die Seite neu um die neueste Version von Studydrive zu erhalten